Speaker
Description
Production of $\psi(4040)$, $\psi(4160)$ and $\psi(4415)$ mesons in
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
Xiao-Ming Xu
Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
$\psi(4040)$, $\psi(4160)$ and $\psi(4415)$ mesons are higher charmonia that
can be individually interpreted as the $3 ^3S_1$, $2 ^3D_1$ and $4 ^3S_1$
quark-antiquark states. In ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions the three
charmonia created in initial nucleus-nucleus collisions are dissolved in
quark-gluon plasmas because their dissociation temperatures are $0.97T_{\rm c}$,
$0.95T_{\rm c}$ and $0.87T_{\rm c}$, respectively, where $T_{\rm c}$ is the
critical temperature. However, they can be produced by quark
interchange between two colliding charmed mesons in hadronic matter. From the
three charmonia we can thus study hadronic matter in a new way. Therefore, we
suggest the production of $\psi (4040)$, $\psi (4160)$ and $\psi (4415)$ as
probes of hadronic matter that results from the quark-gluon plasma created in
ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We have proposed a model to study
the production of the three charmonia in Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron
Collider. Seventy-two reactions of charmed mesons are taken into account.
From our work we have suggested measurements of $\psi (4040)$, $\psi (4160)$
and $\psi (4415)$ mesons in Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.
This is a new experimental goal! Details can be found in the three papers:
L.-Y. Li, X.-M. Xu and H. J. Weber, Phys. Rev. D105 (2022) 114025; W.-X. Li,
X.-M. Xu and H. J. Weber, Eur. Phys. J. C81 (2021) 225; S.-N. Xu and X.-M. Xu,
Chin. Phys. C49 (2025) 024103.
